Significant Editions of the Greek New Testament
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Biblia Complutensia Polyglotta (1514, published 1522)
Editors: Cardinal Francisco Ximénes de Cisneros and team
Notes: Complutensian Polyglot Bible
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Novum Instrumentum omne: diligenter ab Erasmo Rot. Recognitum et Emendatum (1516)
Editor: Desiderius Erasmus
Significance: The first published Greek New Testament.
Notes: Erasmus published five editions of his Greek New Testament in 1516, 1519, 1522, 1527, and 1535, progressively refining the text, correcting errors, incorporating the Comma Johanneum (1522), and using readings from the Complutensian Polyglot (1527).
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Novum Testamentum Graece (1546)
Editor: Robert Estienne (Stephanus)
Notes: Produced editions in 1546, 1549, 1550 (editio regia), and 1551 (with verse divisions).
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Novum Testamentum Graece (1565–1604)
Editor: Theodore Beza
Notes: Theodore Beza published ten editions of his Greek New Testament in the years 1565, 1567, 1582, 1588, 1589, 1590, 1594, 1598, 1600, and 1604, progressively refining Stephanus’s text and producing the influential 1598 edition used by the King James Version translators.
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Novum Testamentum (1624–1633)
Full Title: Novum Testamentum Graece et Latine
Editors: Bonaventure and Abraham Elzevir
Significance: The 1633 edition introduced the term Textus Receptus.
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Novum Testamentum Graecum, cum lectionibus variantibus MSS (1707)
Editor: John Mill
Notes: Included a critical apparatus with 30,000 textual variants.
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Novum Testamentum Graece (1734)
Editor: Johann Albrecht Bengel
Notes: Introduced textual families (African and Asian).
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Novum Testamentum Graece (1751)
Editor: Johann Jakob Wettstein
Notes: Expanded Mill’s apparatus with manuscript evidence and introduced manuscript sigla.
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Novum Testamentum Graece (1774–1775)
Editor: Johann Jakob Griesbach
Notes: Developed the concept of text types (Alexandrian, Western, Byzantine).
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Novum Testamentum Graece (1830–1836)
Editor: Johann Martin Augustin Scholz
Notes: Introduced the concept of a “Middle Recension.”
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Novum Testamentum Graece (1831)
Editor: Karl Lachmann
Notes: The first edition to abandon the Textus Receptus and use early manuscripts as the primary source.
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Novum Testamentum Graece (1841–1856)
Editor: Samuel Prideaux Tregelles
Notes: Based on early manuscripts and independent of the Textus Receptus.
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Novum Testamentum Graece (1869–1872)
Editor: Constantin von Tischendorf
Notes: Constantin von Tischendorf published eight major editions of his Greek New Testament in the years 1841, 1842, 1849, 1850, 1854, 1859, 1869, and 1872, culminating in the influential 8th edition (1869–1872), which incorporated his discoveries, including Codex Sinaiticus. The 8th edition remains a landmark in textual criticism.
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Novum Testamentum Graece (1894–1900)
Editor: Hermann von Soden
Notes: Introduced a complex classification system for manuscripts and proposed a new textual theory.
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Novum Testamentum Graece (1898)
Editor: Eberhard Nestle
Notes: Combined the texts of Tischendorf, Westcott-Hort, and Weymouth.
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Novum Testamentum Graece (1899–1905)
Editor: Bernhard Weiss
Notes: An influential critical edition emphasizing the Alexandrian text type.
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Novum Testamentum Graece (1904–2012)
Editors: Eberhard Nestle, Erwin Nestle, Kurt Aland, Barbara Aland
Notes: Known as the Nestle-Aland text; the most widely used critical edition today.
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The Greek New Testament (1966; 5th Edition, 2014)
Editors: Kurt Aland, Matthew Black, Bruce Metzger, and others
Notes: Published by the United Bible Societies for translators, with a simplified critical apparatus.
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The Greek New Testament According to the Majority Text (1982)
Editors: Zane C. Hodges and Arthur L. Farstad
Notes: Advocates for the Byzantine text-type, based on the majority of manuscripts.
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Greek New Testament: Byzantine Textform (2005)
Editors: Maurice A. Robinson and William G. Pierpont
Notes: Represents the Byzantine text-type with detailed textual notes.
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Tyndale House Greek New Testament (2017)
Editors: Dirk Jongkind, Peter J. Williams
Notes: Emphasizes early manuscript traditions and scribal practices.
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Society of Biblical Literature (SBL) Greek New Testament (2010)
Editor: Michael W. Holmes
Notes: A freely available text designed for scholarly use.
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Editio Critica Maior (ECM) (1997–present)
Editor: Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung (INTF)
Notes: Comprehensive documentation of all known textual variants.